anticancer treatment in the induction of an anti-cancer immu-
ne response. However, only a few anticancer agents sufficiently
induce immunogenic cell death. A common characteristic of all
cancer cells is their reliance on glycolysis, a phenomenon known
as the Warburg effect. Dr. Ricci illustrated that the combination
of a glycolysis inhibitor with a DNA-damaging agent activated
tumour-specific T cells [4]. Moreover, glycolysis inhibition en-
hances the vaccination potential of chemotherapy. The injection
of tumour cells treated with glycolysis inhibitors protects speci-
fically against challenge with these tumour cells.
Christoph Thiele, from the LIMES Institute at the University of
Bonn, Germany, focuses on the metabolism of neutral lipids in
cells and as such on lipid droplets as their main storage orga-
nelle. In the first part of his talk entitled “Lipid metabolism and
neutral lipid storage” he gave an overview on lipid droplets,
which are mainly composed of triglycerides and sterol esters
and are formed between endoplasmic reticulum bilayers, from
where they eventually bud off. In the second part of his talk he
presented some of his most recent technological developments
for lipid detection. Prof. Thiele emphasised the beauty and the
high sensitivity of a fluorogenic “click reaction” in tracing fatty
acids and in the analysis of their metabolism [5]. The so-called
“click reaction” is based on heteroatom links (C-X-C) and was
first described by K. B. Sharpless. Click-labelled fatty acids have
so far only been used in the study of protein lipidation. Prof.
Thiele highlighted in his talk the achievements of his group in
establishing clicked lipids as an attractive tool for kinetic pulse-
chase analysis experiments of fatty acid metabolism in tissues
and cells. They are not only highly suited for metabolic labelling
experiments, but also for labelling approaches of viral envelopes
during the cell-associated assembly process [6].
In addition to these invited keynote speakers, participants from
Germany, France, and the United Kingdom presented their di-
verse work in the field of virology, which in most cases invol-
ved cell biology features. Just to summarize a few, viral entry
mechanisms were covered from the involvement of tetraspanin-
enriched microdomains in human cytomegalovirus entry and the
role played by nectin 1 during uptake of herpes simplex virus
in epidermal sheets of murine skin and primary keratinocytes.
Nuclear egress processes of cytomegalovirus and herpesviruses
were emphasised as well as nuclear envelope breakdown during
import of human papillomavirus type 16 and the general role
played by nucleoporins during nuclear import. Also metabolic
aspects were covered with the participation of the triglyceri-
de synthesising enzyme diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 and of
phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase III alpha in hepatitis C virus repli-
cation. Particularly well received and discussed was the talk by
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